I've got a similar problem. First, for your answer, you need to utilize the open graph stuff in facebook. You need to edit your HTML tag to add the "og" stuff (og = open graph). anyway, you then include a bunch of meta tags with stuff like title, url, description, image, etc. Anyway, this will all work fine for you and should take care of what you are looking for.
However, my question, to anyone else, is this..
I've done all of the above, but whenever someone "likes" the link that I create, it makes a whole new facebook page. in other words, for every dynamic like button that I create per post, facebook makes a whole new page for that post. its really annoying, because I dont want to end up with tons of pages. if you've got any suggestions, i'd love to hear them